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EXPORTS
Over the last two decades, the value of the Kingdom's exports reached a peak of
SR404,480.9 million (U.S. $ 118,965 million) in 1981, then declined to a trough of
SR74,376.8 million (about U.S. $ 20 billion) in 1986. The Kingdom's exports have expanded
steadily since 1987 and achieved a noticeable improvement in 1990 (see Table 11 below).
Total exports in 1990 increased by 56.5 percent to SR166,339.2 million (U.S.$44,357.1
million) from SR106,241.2 million (U.S.$28,330.9 million) in 1989. This rise in exports
was due to the sharp increase in oil production to help maintain international supplies
and stabilize prices during the 1990 Gulf crisis.
TABLE 11 *
VALUE OF THE KINGDOM'S GLOBAL EXPORTS AND IMPORTS
WITH PERCENTAGE CHANGES AND TRADE BALANCE, 1980-1991
(Value in Millions of Saudi Riyals)
KINGDOM’S EXPORTS**
(F.O.B.) |
KINGDOM’S IMPORTS
(C.I.F.) |
| YEAR |
VALUE |
%CHANGE
OVER PREVIOUS
YEAR |
VALUE |
%CHANG
OVER PREVIOS
YEAR |
TRADE
BALANCE |
| 1980 |
362,885.7 |
--------- |
100,349.6 |
--------- |
(+)262,536.1 |
| 1981 |
405,380.9 |
(+)11.7 |
119,297.7 |
(+)18.9 |
(+)286,183.3 |
| 1982 |
271,090.1 |
(-)33.1 |
139,335.1 |
(+)16.8 |
(+)131,754.9 |
| 1983 |
158,443.9 |
(-)41.6 |
135,417.2 |
(-)2.8 |
(+)23,026.7 |
| 1984 |
132,220.3 |
(-)16.6 |
118,736.7 |
(-)12.3 |
(+)13,483.6 |
| 1985 |
99,535.9 |
(-)24.7 |
85,563.6 |
(-)27.9 |
(+)13,972.2 |
| 1986 |
74,376.8 |
(-)25.3 |
70,779.9 |
(+)17.3 |
(+)3,596.8 |
| 1987 |
86,879.7 |
(+)16.8 |
75,312.6 |
(+)6.4 |
(+)11,567.1 |
| 1988 |
91,287.7 |
(+)5.1 |
81,581.7 |
(+)8.3 |
(+)9,706.0 |
| 1989 |
106,241.2 |
(+)16.4 |
79,219.4 |
(-)2.9 |
(+)27,021.8 |
| 1990 |
166,339.2 |
(+)56.5 |
90,139.5 |
(+)3.8 |
(+)76,199.7 |
| 1991 |
178,974.1 |
(+)07.6 |
108,861.3 |
(+)20.8 |
(+)70,092.8 |
| 1992 |
188,325.4 |
(+)05.4 |
124,537.0 |
(+)14.3 |
(+)63,788.0 |
| 1993 |
158,770.1 |
(-)15.7 |
105,616.0 |
(-)15.2 |
(+)53,154.1 |
| 1994 |
159,589.5 |
(+)00.5 |
87,422.0 |
(-)17.2 |
(+)72,167.5 |
* Compiled by the Commercial Office, Embassy of Saudi Arabia, Washington, D.C.
** Exports include re-export, if any.
Source: Foreign Trade Statistics, Ministry of Finance and National Economy, Central
Department of Statistics, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
The main categories of Saudi exports during 1990 were 74.11 percent
crude oil; 16.9 percent refined oil; 5.71 percent petrochemical products and plastics and
3.99 percent other commodities. During 1991 the value of the Kingdom's exports increased
by 7.6 percent to SR178,974 million (U.S.$47,726.43 million). The main categories of these
exports were 78.1 percent crude oil; 13.3 percent refined oil; 5 percent petrochemical
products and plastics and 3.6 percent other commodities. The non-oil exports recorded a
marginal decline from 9.7 percent in 1990 to 8.6 percent in 1991.
The value of the kingdom’s exports increased during 1992 by
SR9,701 million (or about 5 percent), decreased by about 15 percent in 1993 and then edged
up again slightly by 0.5 percent in 1994. Table (12) shows the values of the most
important commodities of the Kingdom’s exports in 1994, in comparison to 1993. Table
(13) reflects the values of the Kingdom’s exports, by main commodities, for the
period 1989-1993.
TABLE 12 *
VALUES OF THE MOST IMPORTANT COMMODITIES
OF THE KINGDOM’S EXPORTS IN 1994 (Millions of Saudi Riyals)
| |
1994 |
1993 |
Changes |
| Mineral Products |
142,829 |
144,636 |
- 1.2 % |
| Foodstuffs |
1,430 |
1,656 |
-13.6 % |
| Chemical Products |
7,878 |
5,819 |
35.4 % |
| Plastic Products |
3,370 |
2,530 |
33.2 % |
| Base metals and articles of
base metal |
943 |
869 |
8.5 % |
| Electrical machines, equipment
& tools |
546 |
460 |
18.7 % |
| Other Exports |
1,282 |
1,273 |
0.7 % |
| Re-exports |
1,312 |
1,527 |
-14.1 % |
| Total |
159,520 |
158,770 |
0.5 % |
* Source: Central Department of Statistic, Foreign Trade, Ministry of Planning, Kingdom
of Saudi Arabia.
TABLE 13 *
THE KINGDOM’S VALUE OF EXPORTS BY MAIN SECTION: 1989-1993
(Value in Millions of Saudi Riyals)
| SECTION |
1989 |
1990 |
1991 |
1992 |
1993 |
| Live animals and animal
products |
231 |
237 |
543 |
395 |
359 |
Vegetable products |
1,141 |
835 |
670 |
932 |
1,067 |
| Animal & vegetable
fats and oils and their cleavage products; prepared edible fats; animal and vegetable
waxes |
33 |
54 |
93 |
81 |
58 |
| Prepared foodstuffs;
beverages; spirits and vinegar; tobacco |
179 |
220 |
403 |
293 |
281 |
| Mineral products |
90,839 |
15,0873 |
16,3752 |
17,4633 |
14,5054 |
| Products of the chemical
and allied industries |
5,737 |
5,720 |
5,615 |
5,795 |
5,873 |
| Artificial resins and
plastic materials; cellulose esters and ethers, and articles thereof: rubber, synthetic
rubber, lactic, and articles thereof |
4,236 |
3,819 |
3,465 |
2,781 |
2,578 |
| Raw hides and skins,
leather, furskin, and articles thereof; saddlery and harness; travel goods, handbags &
similar containers; articles of gut (other than silkworm gut) |
120 |
111 |
65 |
67 |
92 |
| Wood and articles of
wood: wood charcoal: cork and articles of cork; manufacturers of straw, esparto and other
platting materials; basketware and wickerwork |
45 |
54 |
31 |
22 |
23 |
| Paper making material;
paper and paper board and articles thereof |
311 |
325 |
327 |
260 |
372 |
| Textile and textile
articles |
275 |
250 |
310 |
189 |
142 |
| Footwear, headgear,
umbrellas, sunshades, whios, riding crops and parts thereof; prepared leathers and
articles thereof; artificial flowers; articles of human hair; fans |
12 |
09 |
14 |
12 |
06 |
| Articles of stone,
plaster, cement, asbestos, mica and similar materials; ceramic products; glass and
glassware |
111 |
127 |
201 |
181 |
202 |
| Pearls; precious and
semi-precious stones; precious metals; rolled precious metals and articles thereof;
imitation jewelry; coins |
135 |
231 |
280 |
06 |
15 |
| Base metals and articles
of base metals |
1,419 |
1,537 |
899 |
1,031 |
992 |
| Machinery and mechanical
appliances and parts thereof; electrical equipment and parts thereof |
652 |
728 |
804 |
818 |
1,016 |
| Transport equipment and
parts thereof |
705 |
1,066 |
833 |
612 |
507 |
| Instruments -
photographic, cinematographic, measuring, checking, precision, medical, surgical, clocks,
watches, musical, sound, television, magnetic devices and parts thereof |
47 |
88 |
171 |
27 |
25 |
| Arms, ammunition, and
parts thereof |
01 |
00 |
123 |
02 |
01 |
| Miscellaneous
manufactured articles |
60 |
49 |
25 |
189 |
107 |
| Works of art;
collector’s pieces, and antiques |
05 |
06 |
00 |
01 |
00 |
| Grand Total |
106,294 |
166,339 |
178,624 |
188,325 |
158,770 |
* Source: Central Department of Statistics, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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