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| TETRA Private Mobile Radio (PMR)
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TETRA is a modern standard for digital Private Mobile Radio (PMR) and Public Access Mobile Radio (PAMR). It offers many advantages including flexibility, security, ease of use and offers fast call set-up times. This makes it an ideal choice for many business communications requirements.
Work started on the development of the TETRA standards in 1990 and has relied on the support of the European Commission and the ETSI members. Experience gained in the development of the highly successful GSM cellular radio standard, as well as experience from the development and use of trunked radio systems has also been used to fashion the TETRA standard. In addition to this the process has gained from the co-operation of manufacturers, users, operators and industry experts. With this combined expertise the first standards were ready in 1995 to enable manufacturers to design their equipment to interoperate successfully.
For users, the TETRA system offers fast call set-up times as well as direct mode operation between radios. Packet data as well as circuit data modes are available and the system provides excellent security along. The systems makes efficient use of the available frequency allocations using Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) technology with 4 user channels on one radio carrier with 25 kHz spacing between carriers.
TETRA allocates the channels to users on demand in both voice and data modes. Additionally national and multi-national networks are available and national and international roaming can be supported. With the increased levels of international travel in business nowadays this enables a user to be always in contact with colleagues.
Although invisible to the user, there are a variety of frequency bands that are used by TETRA. For civil systems in Europe the frequency bands 410-430 MHz, 870-876 MHz / 915-921 MHz, 450-470 MHz, 385-390 MHz / 395-399.9 MHz, have been allocated for TETRA. Then for the emergency services in Europe the frequency bands 380-383 MHz and 390-393 MHz have been allocated. In addition to this, the whole or appropriate parts of the bands between 383-395 MHz and 393-395 MHz can be utilized should this be required.
TETRA is a growing standard for PMR and PAMR. It has shown itself to be very successful and is being implemented by civil and emergency services alike across Europe and beyond.
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