How DSL Works

DSL is a modem technology that transforms ordinary phone lines into high-speed digital lines for ultra-fast Internet access. DSL modems use digital coding techniques to squeeze up to 99% more capacity out of a phone line without interfering with your regular phone services.

A variation of today's DSL technology has been in use since the early nineties by phone companies and large corporations running T1 lines. Now, you can enjoy the same speed, dedicated, flat-rate service experienced by large organizations -- for a fraction of the cost.

Here's how. At your home or office location, you have your PC (with an Ethernet NIC) connected to a DSL modem. That modem is wired to a DSL circuit, which the phone company installs at your location. Finally, that circuit is connected via phone lines to another DSL circuit, which resides at the Central Office of your phone company.

DSL is available in most of the country's major metropolitan areas, with many more to come. Check DSL Availability for an up-to-date look at our nationwide coverage.

DSL White Paper
New Applications Using Existing Infrastructure

Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) is a network access technology that telephone companies have been testing and refining since the beginning of the decade. Its unique advantage is that it can provide high-speed digital transmission over the 750 million ordinary phone lines that make up the existing global telecommunications infrastructure.

DSL enables today's users to gain continuous access to the Internet or corporate Local Area Networks (LANs) at an astonishing 25 times to 100 times faster than the 56.6 Kilobits per second (Kbps) modems now in vogue. And in the next several years, top transmission speeds will accelerate from roughly 6 Megabits per second (Mbps) to 53 Mbps or higher. This will transform the existing telephone network used for transmitting voice, text and low-resolution graphics into a high-speed connection capable of bringing multimedia, including full-motion video, into homes and businesses worldwide.

DSL modems use sophisticated digital coding techniques to squeeze up to 99% more capacity out of an ordinary copper phone line, making super-fast network access possible

DSL was originally developed to support video-on-demand services that telephone companies planned to offer to compete with cable television companies and satellite direct-to-home entertainment providers. Recently, however, most phone companies have backed away from those services.

Instead, DSL's high-speed, high capacity and solid reliability have made it the technology of choice for the majority of the T-1 lines leased by large corporations for private voice and data networks. Using one DSL-based technique, the 1.544 Mbps T-1 service is split into two pairs (four wires), each running at 784 Kbps. Splitting the service and increasing the bits per baud reduces the per-line speed and resulting frequency spectrum. This results in longer loop reaches of up to 18,000 feet, without the need for repeaters.

Another advanced line coding technique also uses DSL technology to transmit multiple bits of information ranging from 2 to 9 bits per baud. This results in even less signal attenuation and still longer loop reaches to accommodate users located farther from a carrier's Central Office (CO). So even though low-cost connection services such as DSL have only been on the market since late 1997, DSL technology actually has a proven track record in the telecommunications industry.

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